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Órale, the featured word for this episode is raza. In modern Spanish, it means race or breed. In Caló, it’s a catchall term for a social group or category, as in your friends and acquaintances or the people in your barrio. It’s intentionally imprecise, where agreement on the boundaries and/or membership is assumed but not critical. Raza can mean a gang, a cohort of average Joe’s, your workmates, the people sitting around you at the baseball stadium, even the people who mostly think like you. You know, the raza.

Órale, the word of this episode is chansa. It means chance, but in Caló the predominant nuance is that of “maybe” as in a 50/50% chance. We’re gonna use it in a story told by a northern raquetero about a tricky vato who, when accosted by a gang of robbers, cast a spell over them that let him get the better of the encounter.

Órale, the featured word in this episode of Caló is huato. It means commotion caused by the borlo. You see, the borlote can go on for a long time. It peaks and ebbs. The peak is the huato, when everybody’s excited about it in anticipation of a climax, which isn’t always a good end. Why were you late? I was at the huato, where a ruca who was fighting for a vato took off with the other ruca she was fighting, and her vato went home all agütado.

Órale, we’re gonna keep with the witchcraft theme we started on last month. But we’re gonna focus on a single spell told in four episodes. Simón, it’s gonna be a spell cast as a story. The witchcraft of it is that it exposes a distortion in time and, with that, changes current reality. The distortion is an event that recurs every few generations, same event and exact setting and context and occurs often enough to keep being passed down from one generation to the next. Because it recurs, it’s timeless. A pillar of reality. All else comes and goes, but not this event.The featured word for this episode is mitote. It’s a Nahuatl (Aztec) word that means a ceremonial event. In Caló, it means a big to-do, commotion, or disturbance. In this case, the mitote arose from an encounter between two raqueteros, people who spin yarns and webs of intrigue.

Órale, the Caló word of the week is pos. It’s appeared in many previous episodes under the assumption that it was so self-evident it didn’t need translation. We’re now gonna unpack this tiny word to make clear its expansive meaning. It comes from the Spanish word pués, which is a contraction of después (after or then), that means so, then, well or therefore, as in getting to or asking for the dots to be connected or the conclusion or motive to be stated. Examples in English are “well, you gonna do it or not?” or simply “so what?” Pos in Caló goes further and connects the dots under the assumption, stretched or not, that the conclusion or motive is known to all the interested parties. Pos nada. Pos don’t eat so much chile next time, ese. Pos you know. Or simply pos…

Five years ago, archeologists began excavating the San Esteban cave south of Marfa, searching for evidence of the Big Bend's earliest inhabitants.

Órale, the word of this episode is peseta. It means a quarter-dollar coin in US currency. It comes from the old Spanish monetary standard, the peseta, which once circulated along the Rio Grande. It’s the root word and concept for the peso, the standard in most Latin American countries today. It exists in Caló as a vestige of the Spanish governance era, which ended in 1825. Pesetas began to disappear soon after then, but the US began circulating a similar coin a few decades later. The people of the Rio Grande remembered the look and feel of the peseta and brought back the word and attached it the American quarter. Peseta soon outcompeted the English alternative and attained a high profile in pop culture in the early-1900s. What were the jukeboxes geared for? Pesetas. Quarters. The Rock-olas took no other types of coins. What got the thing, including the juke box, going? A peseta. This led to the saying “ponle una (put in a) pesata” to get whatever it is you’re talking about going, like a romance, a dance, a drama, a party, or even a fight.

Órale, the Caló word of the week is bronca. It’s a noun that means a fight or conflict. It comes from the Spanish word, bronco, which means harsh, ungovernable, or brutish. In Caló, it means the tension that a bronco generates, not the fight itself but the bad feelings and unease that leads up to one.

With the return of black bears to West Texas, researchers are tracking their movements and studying their habits. And with careful science, they're hoping the bears can once again flourish in the region.

New research on mountain lions in the Davis Mountains offers a rare glimpse into the secretive lives of these "ghost cats."